TUGAS SOFSKILL EKONOMI KOPERASI

“CONTOH KOPERASI YANG SUKSES&KRITERIANYA”

                       

                                         

                                            TUGAS  4

NAMA       : RENI OKTAVIANI

NPM           : 17213403

KELAS      : 2EA26

UNIVERSITAS GUNADARMA

TUGAS 4

  Contoh Koperasi Sukses dan Kriteria Suksesnya

Koperasi merupakan soko guru perekonomian Indonesia, ada beberapa contoh koperasi yang sukses dalam menjalankan prinsip- prinsip koperasi dah tujuan umum koperasi. Contohnya yaitu:

a. Koperasi yang Sukses Kelola Pasar Pasar Ritel dan Pasar Buah Jakabaring yang dikelola koperasi merupakan satu contoh sukses pengembangan pasar tradisional.
Meski aktivitas Pasar Buah dan Ritel Jakabaring mulai dipenuhi pengunjung pada pukul 19.00 hingga subuh, kedua pasar yang terletak di kawasan Jakabaring, Palembang tersebut sangat berarti bagi Pemerintah Kota Palembang karena dapat menggerakkan perekonomian rakyat.
Selama ini koperasi tersebut telah memiliki karyawan sekitar 50 orang dan anggota 300 pedagang buah, dari jumlah itu, 120 anggotanya telah menempati kios di Pasar Buah. Selain kopeari ini juga memberikan cicilan murah, juga membantu untuk mendapat pinjaman dana dari perbankan. Pasar Tradisional Berkonsep Modern Kunci sukses program ini, katanya, terletak pada keseriusan Pemkot dan koperasi untuk terus mengembangkan pasar tradisional yang berkonsep modern. 

b. Sukses Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Sukma Mulya Koperasi Kusuma Mulya Semarang Bermodal awal 10 jutaan sekarang sudah memiliki aset ratusan juta. Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Kusuma Mulya Semarang di dirikan pada tahun 2000, dengan modal awal 10 juta rupiah, dengan jumlah anggota sebanyak 40 orang. Koperasi Kusuma Mulya pada awalnya hanya bergerak di bidang simpan pinjam. Pada tahun 2007 Koperasi mengadakan Rapat Anggota Tahunan dengan agenda penyampaian laporan pertanggung jawaban pengurus koperasi masa bhakti 2004 – 2007 dan pemilihan pengurus koperasi yang baru. Rapat Anggota Tahunan, memutuskan bahwa rapat menerima laporan pertanggung jawaban pengurus koperasi masa bhakti 2004-2007. Selanjutnya rapat memilih pengurus koperasi masa bhakti 2007 -2010 melalui pemungutan suara. Hasil voting yang terpilih menjadi pengurus koperasi adalah Ketua Agus Santosa.SE Sekretaris Rokhayati Bendahara Iria Wati.SE, Dewan Pengawan Pratiknya SH dan Saino.

c. Sukses Koperasi Karyawan Indosat (Kopindosat) Berdiri pada 15 Agustus 1984, dengan jumlah anggota sebanyak ± 800 orang dengan modal awal dari iuran anggota yang berasal dari alokasi bonus karyawan. Berdasarkan Surat Keputusan Kepala Kantor Wilayah Departemen Koperasi DKI Jakarta Tentang Pengesahan Koperasi Sebagai Badan Hukum No. 111/BLK/1984 tanggal 30 Nopember 1984 Tahun 2004 tepatnya tanggal 2 Maret, terjadi penggabungan (amalgamasi) antara Kopindosat dengan Koperasi Antariksa yang merupakan Koperasi Pegawai PT. Satelindo, seiring dengan proses merger PT. Satelindo dengan PT. Indosat, Tbk. Melalui penggabungan tersebut, jumlah anggota Kopindosat bertambah menjadi ± 4000 orang.

Koperasi dikatakan sukses apabila didukung 3 kriteria koperasi sukses yakni : 

1. Organisasi permodalan yang cukup,

2. Ada usaha didalamnya dan 

3. Memantapkan koperasi sebagai pilar ekonomi rakyat dalam tatanan perekonomian yang

    demokratis dan berkeadilan.

Sumber :  

http://inekriestianti.blogspot.com/2011/10/contoh-koperasi-yang-sukses-beserta.html

TUGAS SOFSKILL EKONOMI KOPERASI

“APAKAH  KOPERASI  MENGUNTUNGKAN  SECARA KEUANGAN BAGI ANGGOTANYA”

          

                                           

                                             TUGAS 3

NAMA       : RENI OKTAVIANI

NPM           : 17213403

KELAS      : 2EA26

UNIVERSITAS GUNADARMA

TUGAS 3

Apakah koperasi menguntungkan (sec. keuangan ) bagi anggotanya?

Ya

Alasannya: Manfaat koperasi yang tercermin dari tujuannya adalah untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan anggota baik dalam tataran ekonomi maupun sosial. Kesejahteraan yang erat kaitannya dengan pemanfaatan jasa dari koperasi ikut membantu anggota dalam menghadapi kesulitan terutama yang menyangkut persoalan keuangan. Sisa Hasil Usaha (SHU) koperasi juga menjadi salah satu elemen penting dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan para anggota. SHU sendiri dibagikan kepada para anggota koperasi berdasarkan kesepakatan anggota yang biasanya terakumulasi dari penghitungan jasa kepada koperasi. Adapun SHU koperasi adalah pendapatan koperasi yang diperoleh dalam satu tahun buku setelah dikurangi biaya, penyusutan dan kewajiban lain (termasuk pajak ) dan besarnya SHU yang dibagikan kepada masing-masing anggota sebanding dengan jasa yang dilakukan oleh anggota tersebut.

Sehingga koperasi dirasa mengguntungkan bagi para anggotanya (secara keuangan) karena anggota akan mendapatkan SHU atau mendapatkan pinjaman sesuai dengna ketentuan yg berlaku dalam koperasi tersebut.

Sumber :

http://niezmatul.wordpress.com/

TUGAS SOFSKILL EKONOMI KOPERASI

“KOPERASI DI INDONESIA”

         

NAMA       : RENI OKTAVIANI

NPM           : 17213403

KELAS      : 2EA26

UNIVERSITAS GUNADARMA

1. Dasar - dasar Hukum Koperasi Indonesia

Tinjauan Umum Tentang Koperasi Dasar hukum koperasi adalah Pasal 33 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945 (UUD N RI 1945) dan UndangUndang Nomor 25 Tahun 1992 Tentang Perkoperasian. Di Indonesia pengertian Koperasi menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 1992 tentang perkoperasian, di jelaskan dalam Bab I Ketentuan Umum Pasal 1 bagian kesatu, dinyatakan bahwa Koperasi adalah badan usaha yang beranggotakan orang-seorang atau badan hukum koperasi dengan
melandaskan kegiatannya berdasarkan prinsip koperasi sekaligus sebagai gerakan ekonomi rakyat yang berdasarkan atas asas kekeluargaan.

         Di dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 1992 tentang perkoperasian, Pasal 2 menyatakan bahwa koperasi berlandaskan Pancasila dan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesian Tahun 1945 (UUD N RI 1945), serta berdasar atas asas kekeluargaan. Tujuan koperasi menurut Pasal 3 Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 1992 adalah Koperasi bertujuan memajukan kesejahteraan anggota pada khususnya, dan masyarakat pada umumnya serta ikut membangun tatanan perekonomian nasional dalam rangka mewujudkan masyarakat yang maju, adil dan makmur berlandaskan Pancasila dan Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Menurut ketentuan didalam Pasal 21 Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 1992, perangkat organisasi koperasi terdiri dari Rapat Anggota, Pengurus dan Pengawas.

         Kemudian di dalam penjelasan Pasal 33 Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 tersebut,antara lain menyatakan bahwa kemakmuran masyarakatlah yang diutamakan, bukan kemakmuran orang seorang dan bangun perusahaan. maka, yang sesuai dengan itu ialah usaha koperasi.

             Berdasarkan  Undang-Undang No.12 tahun 1967 ialah:

“Organisasi Ekonomi Rakyat yang berwatak sosial, beranggotakan orang-orang atau badan hukum koperasi yang merupakan tata susunan ekonomi sebagai usaha bersama, berdasarkan asas kekeluargaan.

Kinerja koperasi khusus mengenai perhimpunan, koperasi harus bekerja berdasarkan ketentuan undang-undang umum mengenai organisasi usaha (perseorangan, persekutuan, dsb.) serta hukum dagang dan hukum pajak. Organisasi koperasi yang khas dari suatu organisasi harus diketahui dengan menetapkan anggaran dasar yang khusus.

Secara umum, Variabel kinerja koperasi yang di ukur untuk melihat perkembangan atau pertumbuhan (growth) koperasi di Indonesia terdiri dari kelembagaan (jumlah koperasi per provinsi, jumlah koperasi per jenis/kelompok koperasi, jumlah koperasi aktif dan nonaktif). Keanggotaan, volume usaha, permodalan, asset, dan sisa hasil usaha. Variabel-variabel tersebut pada dasarnya belumlah dapat mencerminkan secara tepat untuk dipakai melihat peranan pangsa (share) koperasi terhadap pembangunan ekonomi nasional. Demikian pula dampak dari koperasi (cooperative effect) terhadap peningkatan kesejahteraan anggota atau masyarakat belum tercermin dari variabel-variabel yang di sajikan. Dengan demikian variabel kinerja koperasi cenderung hanya dijadikan sebagai salah satu alat untuk melihat perkembangan koperasi sebagai badan usaha.

2. Apakah Prinsip Ekonomi Koperasi Sesuai Dengan Kebutuhan Bangsa Indonesia ??

Menurut saya sudah sesuai dengan kebutuhan bangsa Indonesia alasan nya sebab dalam perspektif Hukum Koperasi Indonesia, koperasi harus dipahami dalam 2 (dua) pengertian sekaligus; yaitu, pertama, sebagai sebuah sistem ekonomi dan, kedua, sebagai suatu badan usaha. Dari prinsip kedua Pancasila menggambarkan akan sebuah kesadaran berkemanusiaan. Kesadaran tersebut merupakan modal ideologis dan kultural yang memungkinkan seseorang untuk membangun suatu tatanan kebangsaan dan tatanan ekonomi yang berorientasi menciptakan kesejahteraan bersama. Kesadaran ini lebih memprioritaskan kerja sama demi tercapainya tujuan kesejahteraan bersama.

Kebutuhan sandang, pangan, papan sangat diperlukan terutama bagi warga golongan menengah ke bawah yang serba terbatas perekonomiannya. Karena kebutuhan akan hidup dari suatu profesi pekerjaan yang berbeda masing-masing menyatukan usaha untuk mempersatukan keyakinan diri bersama dengan itu untuk mengatasi masalah yang ada dengan sebuah wadah badan usaha yang berazazkan kekeluargaan yaitu Koperasi. Koperasi itu sendiri memberikan jalan yang paling mudah bagi semua orang untuk berpartisipasi dalam suatu kegiatan yang menguntungkan dengan menyesuaikan setiap kemampuannya.

Sistem koperasi yang berbasis pada ideologi Pancasila memberi ruang bagi semua  masyarakat untuk terlibat dan dilibatkan dalam kegiatan ekonomi. Koperasi juga memberi ruang dalam pembelajaran demokrasi, implementasi prinsip-prinsip, gotong-royong, keterbukaan, tanggung jawab dan kebersamaan yang juga dapat menjadi modal dasar bagi pembangunan ekonomi yang mandiri.  Dengan demikian, akan memberi ruang dan kesempatan pula bagi seluruh masyarakat untuk memperoleh kesejahteraan ekonomi, kesempatan untuk menata persatuan dan solidaritas bangsa.

Referensi :

http://nelo-neloli.blogspot.com/2011/10/dasar-dasar-hukum-koperasi-indonesia.html

http://wartawarga.gunadarma.ac.id/2010/10/penjelasan-lengkap-ekonomi-koperasi/

Ketika aku memasuki dan menjalani kehidupanku di usiaku ke 18 tahun..
banyak kisah yang ku alami setiap hidupku..
telah banyak pelajaran dan makna yang telah ku pelajari dan ku dapatkan dari semua itu..
Dari kisah percintaan,keluarga dan juga pertemanan..
dimana aku telah banyk korbankan perasaanku,ku korbankn rasa amarahku..
sehingga aku harus berusaha bersabar dan kuat untuk jalani itu semua..
sulit..ya..sangat sulit jalani ini semua..
ada rasa sedih kecewa ketika masalah itu datang tak pernh aku duga...
kisah percintaanku yang penuh cobaan.. ketika aku harus bisa bertahan dan sabar dan sabar..
perih, sedih,kecewa kita kepercayaanku ini tak ternilai dimatanya bahkan di abaikan tanpa memperdulikan perasaan ini.

Nama   :Reni Oktaviani

Npm    : 17213403

Kelas   : 2EA26

Tulisan kegiatan sehari-hari

            Pada tanggal 6 Oktober 2014 ketika waktu sudah mulai subuh terdengar suara adzan subuh lalu saya langsung terbangun dari tidur dan melaksanakan sholat subuh setelah selesai sholat saya menonton tv sebentar karena hari ini saya libur kuliah, jadi hari ini cukup santai. Setelah bersantai menonton tv saya langsung mandi dan membereskan rumah. Ketika rumah sudah rapi dan bersih, saya pun langsung sarapan.

            Setelah sarapan saya pun membuka leptop sambil mengerjakan tugas. Namun agar suasana tidak terasa terlalu sepi, saya pun menyalakan musik atau lagu supaya tidak bosan saat mengerjakan tugas. Ketika setelah beberapa jam saya mengerjakan tugas terdengar suara adzan zuhur berkumandang lalu saya pun mengambil wudhu untuk sholat. Ketika selesai sholat saya pun melanjutkan mengerjakan tugas.

            Ketika tugasnya sudah selesai saya langsung bersiap-siap untuk ngeprint tugas tersebut. saya pun langsung berangkat untuk ngeprint tugas dan saya pun sekalian main ke sebuah mall untuk sekedar duduk-duduk dan makan siang dan setelah menunjukan sudah sore dan saya pun pulang ke rumah lalu saya pun mandi dan setelah selesai mandi saya langsung sholat ashar. Suasana rumah pun rame, saya pun bermain dengan keponakan saya di luar rumah. Adzan maghrib pun berkumandang saya pun pulang dan melaksanakan sholat maghrib.

            Perut saya pun terasa lapar, Saya dan keluarga pun langsung makan bersama-sama. Ketika makan malam selesai.Saya pun  bersama keluarga menonton TV di ruang tamu. Namun saya pun sambil baca baca buku sebentar. Adzan isya pun terdengar saya langsung sholat. Tidak terasa sudah larut malam dan keluarga saya pun sudah mengantuk dan saya pun ke kamar dan tidur beristirahat karena sudah lelah karena saya harus istirahat yang cukup karena besok saya masuk kuliah.

Nama : Reni Oktaviani

Npm   : 17213403

Kelas  : 2EA26
tugas wajib

                                                             EKONOMI KOPERASI

SOAL

1) Pengertian Koperasi dan Ciri-ciri Koperasi

2) Prinsip-prinsip Ekonomi Koperasi dan Ciri-ciri khas Ekonomi Koperasi

JAWAB 

1) A.   PENGERTIAN KOPERASI

I. Pengertian Koperasi Menurut Istilah

Koperasi adalah suatu kumpulan orang-orang yang mempunyai tujuan sama, diikat dalam suatu organisasi yang berasaskan kekeluargaan dengan maksud mensejahterakan anggota.

II. Pengertian Koperasi Menurut Undang – Undang

Koperasi di Indonesia, menurut UU tahun 1992, didefinisikan sebagai badan usaha yang beranggotakan orang-seorang atau badan hukum koperasi dengan melandaskan kegiatannya berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip koperasi sekaligus sebagai gerakan ekonomi rakyat yang berdasar atas asas kekeluargaan.

 III. Pengertian Koperasi Menurut Para Ahli

 Berikut ini pengertian koperasi menurut para ahli :

1. Dr. Fay ( 1980 )

Koperasi adalah suatu perserikatan dengan tujuan berusaha bersama yang terdiri atas mereka yang lemah dan diusahakan selalu dengan semangat tidak memikirkan dari sendiri sedemikian rupa, sehingga masing-masing sanggup menjalankan kewajibannya sebagai anggota dan mendapat imbalan sebanding dengan pemanfaatan mereka terhadap organisasi.

2. R.M Margono Djojohadikoesoemo

Koperasi adalah perkumpulan manusia seorang-seoarang yang dengan sukanya sendiri hendak bekerja sama untuk memajukan ekonominya.

3. Prof. R.S. Soeriaatmadja

Koperasi adalah suatu badan usaha yang secara sukarela dimiliki dan dikendalikan oleh anggota yang adalah juga pelanggannya dan dioperasikan oleh mereka dan untuk mereka atas dasar nir laba atau dasar biaya.

 Ciri-ciri Koperasi :

a) Kumpulan orang bukan kumpulan modal          

b) Wadah ekonomi dan sosial atas asas demokrasi

c) Berdasar kesadaran, sukarela, tidak ada paksaan, ancaman, intimidasi, dan campur  tangan

d) Untuk kepentingan anggota.

e) Rapat anggota merupakan kekuasaan tertinggi dalam koperasi

f) Koperasi bersifat nonkapitalis

g) Kegiatannya berdasarkan pada prinsip swadaya (usaha sendiri), swakerta (buatan sendiri),

h) swasembada (kemampuan sendiri).

i) Pembagian keuntungan menurut perbandingan jasa. Jasa modal dibatasi.

j) Tujuannya meringankan beban ekonomi anggotanya, memperbaiki kesejahteraan

k) anggotanya, pada khususnya dan masyarakat pada umumnya.

l) Modal tidak tetap, berubah menurut banyaknya simpanan anggota.

m) Tidak mementingkan pemasukan modal/pekerjaan usaha tetapi keanggotaan pribadi 

n) dengan prinsip kebersamaan.

o) Dalam rapat anggota tiap anggota masing-masing satu suara tanpa memperhatikan jumlah modal masing-masing

p) Setiap anggota bebas untuk masuk/keluar (anggota berganti) sehingga dalam koperasi tidak

q) terdapat modal permanen.

r) Seperti halnya perusahaan yang terbentuk Perseroan Terbatas (PT) maka Koperasi

s) mempunyai bentuk Badan Hukum

t) Menjalankan suatu usaha.

u) Penanggungjawab koperasi adalah pengurus.

v) Koperasi bukan kumpulan modal beberapa orang yang bertujuan mencari laba sebesar besarnya.

r)  Koperasi adalah usaha bersama kekeluargaan dan kegotong-royongan. Setiap anggota    

     berkewajiban bekerja sama untuk mencapai tujuan yaitu kesejahteraan para anggota.

s)  Kerugin dipikul bersama antara anggota. Jika koperasi menderita kerugian, maka para         

    anggota memikul bersama. Anggota yang tidak mampu dibebaskan atas    

    beban/tanggungan kerugian. Kerugian dipikul oleh anggota yang mampu.

2) Prinsip-prinsip ekonomi koperasi:

   Ø  Prinsip  munkner :

a) -Keanggotaan  bersifat sukarela

b) -Keanggotaan terbuka

c) -Pengembangan anggota

d) -Identitas sebagai pemilik dan pelanggan

e) -Manajemen dan pengawasan dilaksanakan  secara demokrasi

f) -Modal berkaitan dengan aspek sosial tidak dibagi

g) -Efiensi ekonomi dari perusahaan koperasi

h) -Perkumpulan dengan sukarela

i) -Kebebasan dalam pengambilan keputusan dan penetapan tujuan pendistribusian yang adil dan merata akan hasil-hasil ekonomi

j) -Pendidikan anggota

  Ø Prinsip rochdale :

a) -Pengawasan secara demokratis

b) -Keanggotaan yang terbuk

c) -Bunga atas modal dibatasi

d) -Pembagian sisa hasil usaha kepada anggota sebanding dengan jasa masing-masing 

      anggota

e) -Penjualan sepenuhnya dengan tunai

f) -Barang-barang yang dijual harus asli dan tidak yang dipalsukan

g) -Menyelenggarakan pendidikan kepada anggota

h) -Netral terhadap politik dan agama

Ø Prinsip raiffeisen :

a) -Swadaya 

b) -Daerah kerja terbatas

c) -SHU untuk cadangan

d) -Tanggung jawab anggota tidak terbatas

e) -Pengurus bekerja atas dasar kesukarelaan

f) -Usaha hanya kepada anggota

g) -Keanggotaan atas dasar watak, bukan uang.

Ø Prinsip herman schulze

a) -Swadaya

b) -Daerah kerja tak terbatas

c) -SHU untuk cadangan dan untuk dibagikan anggota terbatas

d) -Pengurus bekerja dengan mendapat imbalan

e) -Usaha tidak terbatas tidak hanya untuk anggota

Ø Prinsip ICA

a) -Keanggotaan koperasi secara terbuka tanpa adanya pembatasan yang dibuat-buat

b) -Kepemimpinan yang demokratis atas dasar satu orang satu suara

c) -Modal menerima bunga yang terbatas (bila ada)

d) -SHU dibagi 3 : cadangan, masyarakat, ke anggota sesuai dengan jasa masing-masing

e) -Semua koperasi harus melaksanakan pendidikan secara terus menerus

f) -Gerakan koperasi harus melaksanakan kerjasama ang erat baik ditingkat regional,    nasional 

g) maupun internasional.

Ciri –ciri khas ekonomi koperasi :

1) -Sifat keanggotaan

2) -Pembagian keuntungan

3) -Hubungan personal antara organisasi dan manajer

4) -Keterlibatan pemerintah dalam penciptaan stabilitas dan operasi

5) -Hubungan organisasi dan masyarakat

Referensi :

http://wartawarga.gunadarma.ac.id/2012/10/pengertian-dan-jenis-jenis-koperasi/

http://hikmayogandita.wordpress.com/2013/10/03/ekonomi-koperasi/

http://ajengmadyatri.blogspot.com/2013/10/pengertian-koperasi-ciri-ciri-koperasi.html

TUGAS SOFTSKILL BAHASA INGGRIS

Nama                          Npm                            Kelas

Reni Oktaviani            17213403                  1EA21

ATA 2013/2014

UNIVERSITAS GUNADARMA

Global Warming

EFFECT OF GLOBAL WARMING- BENEFITS DANGER

When you hear about the effects of global warming it is important to understand that the effects we are experiencing today are moderate compared to what the future will see if we do not take preventative action. Over the next century researchers and environmental professionals are stating that the effects of global warming will continue on a constant inclined curve. Temperatures heating up a little bit each decade until the earth’s temperatures reach the sweltering levels that we experienced in history. Scientists believe that the earth’s temperatures will rise between 2-9 degrees Fahrenheit by 2050.

The Arctic and the earth’s northern latitudes will feel the most of the effects of global warming as they continue to escalate. As the Arctic packs and glaciers begin to melt from the increased temperatures the tundra and seas surrounding the areas will continue to absorb the warmth which was once reflected back into space. Climate models show that if temperatures throughout the rest of the world rise to 3 degrees Fahrenheit they will more than likely rise to at least 7 degrees Fahrenheit in the Arctic. From this the oceans throughout the world will become full with melting glaciers and ice from the Arctic likely to rise by at least 3ft.

As the temperatures continue to rise this will force the ocean to evaporate quicker and therefore more rainfall will be experienced. The problem with this effect is that the rainfall may hit areas of the world which do not need it at all causing massive floods and monsoons. Subtropical areas like India are expected to be the target of this particular effect of global warming. On the other hand it is safe to say that droughts are going to be more of a problem than flooding.

There are predictions that the future effects of global warming may have its benefits as well. In the northern part of the world such as Canada, the warmer temperatures will mean longer growing seasons and more rainfall. This of course then will put an end to any food shortage that may be occurring and provide a new sense of prosperity to countries throughout the world which have been struggling to survive.

Many of the changes and effects listed above are already taking place today on a smaller scale of course. Sea levels are rising due to thermal expansion of the ocean, in addition to melting of land ice. Amounts and patterns of precipitation are changing as well but only slightly in comparison to what has been predicted for the future. Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns increase the frequency and intensity of other extreme weather events such as floods, droughts, heat waves, and tornadoes.

Other effects of global warming include higher or lower agricultural yields, further glacial retreat, reduced summer stream flows and species extinctions. As a further effect of global warming, diseases like malaria are returning into areas where they have been extinguished earlier. This is only the beginning of the effects global warming can have on our earth. As the greenhouse gases continue to increase and enter the atmosphere these effects are only going to increase in severity making it harder and harder to maintain our quality of life.

Many people find it hard to believe that the effects of global warming can become as severe as scientists are predicting but the patterns support these theories. When you read studies comparing today’s weather to weather 20years ago there are already signs proving the effects of global warming. Pay attention to the weather today and the severe weather being reported from all over the world and you will begin to see the effects within your own life as well.

We can all do our part to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases within our atmosphere. No matter how small the act might be (saving electricity, conserving fuels, etc) every action makes a difference when we are all making these eco-smart decisions. There are no doubts that the effects of global warming are only going to persist and increase if we do not do something today. The fact is that even if greenhouse emission gases were completely eliminated today it will still take years to eliminate the threats of global warming. This is why it is so important to do what we can today!

GLOBAL WARMING AND WATER  QUALITY

Every day, we are bombarded with news from a variety of sources: from newspapers to Web sites to television to friends. With the 24-hour news cycle, it can be difficult for the average person to filter through all this information. This can be even more frustrating when it comes to news that directly impacts you and your family.

With the flood of information on global warming and its effects on the environment, it can seem as if the average consumer is being left out. The news tends to concentrate more on the macro level and not specifically on how global warming does and can affect individuals and families.

Families throughout the country enjoy the outdoors-boating, swimming, camping, hiking, etc. But with the potential damage that global climate change can have on our outdoor fun, it’s essential for us all to understand the extent of the damage that could occur.

What is the impact, if any, of global warming on water quality? Is the impact detrimental or negligible? How is the average family affected by the effects of global climate change?

According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the impact of global warming on water quality could be substantial. In a report titled “Environmental Quality and Recreation,” some of their findings demonstrate just how important protecting the environment is. Here are some of the study’s findings:

If river flows decrease and temperatures continue to rise (as a result of global climate change), water quality in the nation’s rivers, bays and lakes could suffer. In rivers where the flows decrease, “pollution concentrations will rise because there will be less water to dilute the pollutants.”

This would ultimately require sewage treatments plants and other water pollution controls to be upgraded-in an effort to protect against the quantity of pollutants. The cost for these upgrades would be substantial.
Some argue that global warming will lead to increased severity of storms. In this case, with even more severe rainstorms, chemical runoff from farms, lawns, streets-and into lakes, rivers and bays-would increase. This increase would result in a myriad of additional problems.

If the amount of dissolved oxygen in the nation’s water system is reduced, it could effectively suffocate fish, thus impacting a food source for many Americans.

“Climate change could increase the salinity of some water bodies” (same source as above). These and a host of other problems from global climate change will affect the nation’s water quality. With something as vital at the nation’s water, it’s critical average consumers know as much as possible, thus increasing their ability to protect themselves and their families.

Negative Effects of Global Warming

There are many predicted effects for the environment and for human life due to global warming. The main effect centres around an increase in the global average temperature. It’s been confirmed by at least 20 scientific societies and academies of science, as well as all the national academies of science of the G8 states, that the Earth’s global average air temperature near its surface rose by 0.56-0.92 C (0.98-1.62 F) degrees during the last 100 years. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concludes that this increase is very likely due to the “observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations, which leads to the warming of the surface and lower atmosphere by increasing the greenhouse effect.”

For humans, these changes in climate are particularly dangerous to those who live near the ocean shore and who already suffer from drought, flooding, and poverty.

The IPCC concludes from models that global temperatures will likely rise by 1.1 to 6.4 C (2.0 to 11.5 F) degrees between 1990 and 2100, with the range of temperatures due to the use of differing scenarios of future greenhouse gas emissions and varying degrees of climate sensitivity.

Other effects of global warming include a rising sea level and changes in the amount and pattern of precipitation. In addition, there may be more frequent and intense weather events, such as more intense hurricanes, tornados, tsunamis, thunderstorms, blizzards, etc., though it is difficult to connect specific events to global warming.

Global warming is also causing changes in agricultural yields, glacier retreat, reduced summer stream flows, species extinctions, and increases in the ranges of disease vectors. The increased volumes of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases released by the burning of fossil fuels, land clearing, agriculture, and other human activities are the major reasons why global warming has been occurring and increasing over the last 50 years.

Effects of global warming are expected to cause more changes as it becomes more pronounced; examples include the following projected climate changes (from Wikipedia):

 “A significant slowing of the ocean circulation that transports warm water to the North Atlantic; – Large reductions in the Greenland and West Antarctic Ice Sheets; – Accelerated global warming due to carbon cycle feedbacks in the terrestrial biosphere, and – Releases of terrestrial carbon from permafrost regions and methane from hydrates in coastal sediments.”

It is uncertain whether for sure these events will occur or to what severity they will occur if they do, but most believe that the chances of at least one of the above events occurring are likely to increase the longer and more severe climate change becomes.

Some scientific members argue whether there will be positive effects from global warming, but most agree that any positive effects will be greatly outnumbered by the number of negative effects.

Projected climate changes due to global warming have the potential to greatly and irreversibly change our climate that will have lasting impacts on both the continental and global scales. One effect will be increased precipitation, due to the increasing temperature.

As Earth’s temperature continues to rise, a very recent report from the IPCC shows that there will be an increasing impact to natural systems and people, especially those who live in Earth’s poorer nations. In 2002, Colorado, Arizona, and Oregon endured their worst wildfire season ever. Also in 2002, drought created severe dust storms that caused hundreds of millions of dollars of damage in Texas, Montana, and North Dakota. Since the early 1950s, snow accumulation has decreased by 60%, which has led to some areas of the Cascade Range in Oregon and Washington to have shorter winter seasons.

As you can see, effects of global warming are very negative on our planet already, from increased air temperatures to rises in the sea level to more severe storms. Currently, it is a challenge to predict how many effects global warming will have and how strong those effects will be, but most of the scientific community is predicting that global warming will have more negative effects on our planet and way of life the longer and more severe climate change becomes.

Climate Change – Side Effect of Global Warming

What is Climate Change? Climate change refers to change in the climate and atmospheric conditions of a particular region or area. This change in climate can be because of uncontrollable changes in or around earth or can be caused by human activities. With recent rise in the temperature of earth’s surface due to global warming, it is correct to state that one of the byproducts of Warming is Climate Change.

There is no denial to the fact that the climate of earth all across is changing every day. This is the consequence of continuous warming up of earth and atmosphere around it. The main reason is excess of carbon dioxide and gases like methane and nitrous oxide in the atmosphere. These gases are called greenhouse gases and are the reason for rising green house effect on earth. These gases have the capability to trap the heat and not allow heat to go outside the earth’s atmosphere. Hence, they result in more warming.

Global Warming is increasing day by day because of lot of natural and manmade circumstances. With so much of pollution and deforestation all across the globe, It is rapidly increasing. With more and more release of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere around earth, the temperature is also rising. Is it alarming? Well, the answer is yes.

Let us face it that climate change can be life threatening if earth is not able to adjust to it. Due to deforestation, a lot of species of plants, birds and animals are becoming extinct. Due to water pollution, a lot of water species are vanishing. With so much of imbalance in natural activities around, it is impossible to avoid climate change. Plants and trees absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere; make the air pure for us to breathe. However, we are only cutting them down. We should also grow trees and plants to ensure that the damage done by cutting down the trees is taken care of.

Glaciers are melting due to It and its effect of climate change. With global warming glaciers, lot of places all across the world can get merged under water. We cannot deny the fact that with melting glaciers, the sea levels will also rise. Natural calamities are hints which are given to mankind to beware them of the worst. Are we ready to face this? Well, we are still wondering how to control Global Warming. Global climate change is a threat to all. Countries are trying to invent ways to control it so that we can be healthy and alive in future.

If statistics are to be believed, then the temperature across globe is on rise. 1990s is recorded as the decade for rise in temperature. It is recorded as the warmest decade in almost thousand years. With raise in temperature degrees, extinct animals, plants and trees, melting glaciers, heat waves, it is becoming more and more important to start the fight with aggression against Global Warming.

How to Stop Global Warming

It takes a global effort to stop or slow global warming. We have started this process as we began powering our technological devices using fossil fuels to make our electricity. We continue to add to global warming efforts as we burn forests (the only think that takes the Carbon out of the atmosphere) to make way for more room for us. It is our responsibility to fix this problem. There are several things that each person can do as an individual to lessen their contribution to global warming.

Some ways to reduce your carbon footprint are obvious, while others are less known to the public. One of the obvious ways to reduce your carbon footprint is to lessen the fossil fuels used in your vehicle by driving a fuel-efficient car, buying a hybrid car, carpooling and using public transportation when possible, or not driving or riding at all. Another one we have all heard is to not use as much energy in our home. Turn off lights and electronic devices when not in use. Move your water heater to a lower setting. Wash clothes in cold water. Buy energy-efficient appliances. Install energy efficient light bulbs. Keep your home well insulated to save on air-conditioning in the summer and heating in the winter. Install Solar Panels.

However, there may be some less known ways that you can be saving energy and reducing your contribution to global warming. One way is to recycle. Recycling products, such as paper, plastic, cans, and glass bottles saves a ton of energy. It takes significantly less energy to create a product from recycled material than to manufacture that product from scratch. So, when you recycle you are not only saving space in the landfill, but you are reducing energy usage, which equals less Carbon into the air.

Another little known energy saving secret is to unplug electronic appliances not in use. Even though you don’t have a device powered on, if it is plugged into an outlet, it is drawing electricity even if it is off. So that toaster that you only used for 5 minutes this morning that remains plugged into your wall for the extent of the day, is drawing energy the whole time. This tip not only decreases your Carbon footprint, but it will lower your energy bill as well.

Humans caused the pollution that is creating global warming and it is our responsibility to clean it up. It is each of our responsibilities to decrease our own carbon footprint. The bonus is that almost all the tips that reduce your carbon footprint also save you money.

Global Warming Definition

Close your eyes, can you feel the air that touches your face right now, the breeze that is warmer than before or probably be too humid, that would cause your body temperature to rise, as tiny droplets of sweat would fall down your face? “Why is my body enveloped with this kind of warmth, and what would probably cause this temperature to increase?” probably be the questions in your mind, while an answer gently unfolds itself, global warming. Increase in global temperature, the abnormal climates… are some of the definition for global warming?

According to some scientific facts, a precise definition for global warming is the increase of the average measured temperature of the ocean’s, atmosphere and landmasses of earth being the reason of the warmer feeling we’ve been experiencing these past few years. The temperature of the earth used to be just below 15 Celsius degrees (59 Fahrenheit degrees) but, over the last century it has risen by about 0.6 Celsius degrees (1 Fahrenheit degree) and is predicted further warming of 1.4 to 5.8 Celsius degrees (2.5 to 10.4 ‘F) by 2100. Majority of those scientists that are focused in studying the pro’s and con’s of the said phenomenon, say that it is probably caused by those anthropogenic (man-made) greenhouses, a more developed greenhouse effect, but others say it is likely because of these natural occurrences such as solar variations combined with volcanoes. But then, could it be possibly because of the revenge of nature to men?

Could human’s disregard with nature be an indirect definition for global warming? US government acknowledged the thought that global warming is largely to be blame to human activities, though the White House previously said industrial emissions does not have scientific evidences that it is one of those to be blamed, when US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) submitted a 268-page report to the United Nations about it. Human activities such as oil refining, power generation, car emissions, or even the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas, releases carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and other gases produced in many manufacturing processes particularly known as greenhouse gases such as perfluorinated compounds, hydrofluorocarbons, and chlorofluorocarbons, into the atmosphere. With more of these synthetic gases present in it, Earth’s high-altitude ozone layer that protect it from the damaging ultraviolet radiation is destroyed making it a much more better insulator because it retains more heat from the sun.

Continuous warmth due to the green house effect of global warming would result to the melting or shrinking of mountain glaciers and ice floating on northern oceans, rising of sea level, difficulty of animals and plants in coping with the effects, and sickness or even death for humans. The best definition for global warming? Let your heart listen to the cry of life not by mere words

Global Warming’s Effects on Humankind

Global warming is something that we all should be aware of. It is something that we should be concerned of. It is the reason why the world that we are living in is changing in a negative way. In addition, if we do not do something about it, it will get worse and worse until the time comes that we can no longer fight it. Time will come that the damage that it made will be irreversible and all hope will be lost. However, rejoice for today, we still can do something about it. However, how can we understand and be motivated if we do not know anything about it. Do not worry; we are here to explain to you some of the effects of global warming. We hope that through understanding, you would come to realize the urgency of the problem.

Effect number one

Have you noticed the weather lately? Have you noticed the freaky change on the weather patterns? You are right; these are the effects of global warming.

Effect number two

The global rise in the temperature causes the polar ice caps and iced-covered continents to melt. It then becomes water and then it is dumped on the ocean. This significantly raises the sea level, flooding low-lying coastal areas.

Effect number three

Lands are turned to deserts because of the extreme heat. We have seen it so long ago in Africa, but now Asia, Europe and the United States is experiencing it. The warm climate makes the land drier, which makes it impossible for people to produce food. Food is what keeps us going and if we are no longer capable of producing it, we will die.

Effect number four

On the good side, global warming gave birth to new industries. All of these industries have the sole purpose of creating solutions for the different problems brought to by this phenomenon. It is a good sign that people are finding ways to fight it. Let us face it; it is here already and let us find ways to fight it.

These are some of the effects of global warming that we are all experiencing right now. Although there are many people who deny its existence, all we can say is to let the obvious speak for itself. We cannot deny the fact when it is starting at us on the face. We clearly can see and feel the effects manifesting. Let us stop denying the obvious and start finding ways to counter it. Join the campaign and stop global warming.